Mainz, Germany: General travel information
Mainz, area 98 km², population 198 000, capital of the federal state Rhineland-Palatinate.
The roman general Drusus built the stronghold Castrum Moguntiacum around 13 BC opposite the estuary of the river Main into the Rhine river. Due to its strategic position it was an important military town in roman times, however it was ransacked by Alemannic tribes around 370 AD, the romans reconquered Mainz several times but where expelled by franconian tribes following the downfall of the Roman Empire around 476.
The archbishopric of Mainz is documentary mentioned since 782.
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Main sights:
- Mainzer Dom, St. Martin Cathedral, romanesque architecture built near a former cathedral which was destroyed on the day of its consecration on 29. august 1009, consecrated on 10 november 1036, place of the coronation ceremony of 8 kings and emperors of medieval times
- St. Johanniskirche, church, consecrated 910 AD
- Antoniterkapelle, chapel built in the 13th and 14th century
- Christuskirche, church built from 1896 to 1903
- Augustinerkirche, baroque architecture built from 1768 to 1771
- St. Peter, Church, baroque architecture built from 1749 to 1757
- St. Ignaz, classical nave church built from 1763 to 1774 according to plans of architect Johann Peter Jaeger
- St. Quintin, gothic church built in the 13th century
- St. Stephan, Church built from 1267 to 1340, reconstructed and expanded several times
- Kurfuerstliches Schloss, Electoral Palace, city residence of the Archbishop of Mainz, renaissance architecture, built in the 17th century
- Deutschhaus, seat of the federal government of Rhineland-Palatinate, baroque architecture built from 1730 to 1737
- Neues Zeughaus, baroque architecture built from 1738 to 1740
- Bassenheimer Hof, built 1750 according to plans of architect Anselm Franz von Ritter zu Groenesteyn
- Zitadelle Mainz, fortress built around 1660
- Dalberger Hof, profane building from the 16th century
- Eisenturm, town gate of the medieval town fortification, built in the 13th century, extended in the 15th century
- Holzturm, medieval town gate, gothic architecture from the 15th century
- Zum roemischen Kaiser, renaissance building from the 17th century
- Osteiner Hof, family residence of prince elector Johann Friedrich Karl von Ostein, built according to plans of Johann Valentin Thomann from 1747 to 1752
- Schillerplatz, square in the city center of Mainz
- Botanical Garden
- Jupiter Column, rediscovered 1904
- Roemersteine, remnants of a roman aqueduct
Airport
- Frankfurt International Airport (FRA), 25km from city center